Utilitarian Perspectives on Justice (under construction)

Learning objectives and brief outline

Abstract

How should we make decisions when the outcomes affect many people? From public health measures to environmental regulations, policy choices involve complex trade-offs. This learning module introduces utilitarianism, a major ethical framework focused on achieving the "greatest good for the greatest number." We'll explore its core ideas – focusing on consequences, defining "utility" or well-being, and the crucial principle of impartiality. You'll learn to distinguish between different utilitarian approaches (Act vs. Rule) and see how this thinking informs real-world tools like cost-benefit analysis. Designed for an interdisciplinary audience, this module moves beyond theory, equipping you to start using a utilitarian lens to analyze and assess policy as well as your own project proposals. Prepare to grapple with tough questions and gain a valuable tool for thinking critically about decisions that shape our world.

Learning objectives

Course participants who study the learning module will be able to

  • explain the core principles of the utilitarian perspective,
  • identify potential utilitarian arguments in relation to a specific policy/project proposal, and
  • apply a basic utilitarian framework to assess a given policy/project proposal.

Contributor

Prof. Dr. Elisabeth Schulte, Marburg University, elisabeth.schulte@uni-marburg.de 
Field of expertise: Institutional Economics
Schulte-Runne, Elisabeth [schulte7]